Mangifera indica is a large evergreen tree of the Anacardiaceae native to India, with leathery, alternate leaves; flowers small, polygamous, yellow or pale yellow, in terminal panicles. The drupes are large, flattened, 5-10 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide, yellow when ripe, sweet in taste, and hard in the pit.

Environmental conditions for Mangifera indica:
temperature
Mangifera indica loves warmth and is not frost tolerant. The optimum growth temperature is 25-30°C. Below 20°C, the growth is slow. Below 10°C, the leaves and inflorescences will stop growing, and the near-ripe fruits will be damaged by cold. The annual average temperature of Mangifera indica production areas in the world is above 20℃, and the minimum monthly average temperature is above 15℃. The annual average temperature of the producing areas in China that can grow normally is 19.8-24.1°C, but the average annual temperature is 21-22°C, the coldest month is greater than 15°C, and there are many areas that are almost frost-free throughout the year. The effective temperature for the growth of Mangifera indica is 18-35°C, the optimum temperature for shoot growth is 24-29°C, and the daily average temperature for fruit setting and young fruit growth is greater than 20°C.
Insufficient temperature, poor pollination and fertilization, and even death of inflorescence or embryo abortion. When the temperature is higher than 37°C, the florets and fruits will be sunburned; below 10°C, new shoots and flower spikes will stop growing; below 5°C, the seedlings, tender shoots and flower spikes will be cold, and the shoots of seedlings and adult trees will be cold at about 0°C. The flower spikes, young shoots, and peripheral leaves will be damaged, and die in severe cases. Young trees below -3°C freeze to death, and large trees are severely frozen.
illumination
Mangifera indica is a light-loving fruit tree. Sufficient light can promote flower bud differentiation, flowering and fruit setting, improve fruit quality and improve appearance. Usually on the sunny side of the canopy or in an open environment, a single plant blooms more, and the fruit setting rate is high; Mangifera indica with too many branches and leaves, closed canopy, and insufficient light has less flowering and fruit, and the fruit appearance and quality are poor. Through shaping and trimming, the light conditions in the garden and trees can be improved to increase the yield and prolong the productive period.
moisture
Mangifera indica grows well in areas with an annual rainfall of 700-2000 mm. The uneven distribution of annual rainfall in South China often affects growth and development. If the air is too dry during the flowering period and the early stage of fruiting, it is easy to cause flowers and fruits to fall; too much rain will lead to burnt-out flowers and poor pollination and fertilization; excessive rainfall in summer often induces serious fruit diseases; autumn drought after harvesting mostly affects autumn shoots and mother branches. germination growth.
soil
Mangifera indica is not demanding on soil, and Mangifera indica can be cultivated in areas below 600 meters above sea level. However, the soil layer is deep, the groundwater level is less than 3 meters, the drainage is good, and the slightly acidic loam or sandy loam is better.